MICE Industry in Singapore-Free-Samples for Students-Myassignment

Questions: 1.Describe the advancement of the MICE Industry in the Destination and its Importance in the Tourism Industry. 2.Examine the effects of MICE Industry on the Destination. 3.Recommendations to upgrade the Destinations claim to the MICE Market. Answers: Presentation In the course of recent years, the movement and the travel industry has risen as one of the most potential and developing industry of the world. The business has bolstered in the improvement of numerous economies by making work opportunities(Shipway Fyall, 2013). MICE occasions (gatherings, impetuses, meeting, and presentation) have contributed a great deal to the general advancement of the travel industry. The current examination portrays the advancement of MICE industry in Singapore and its criticalness to the goals the travel industry. The co-connection of the goal, travel providers and the travel industry advertisers in making Mega Events a triumph or disappointment is likewise referenced in this investigation. 1.The improvement of MICE industry in Singapore In the current situation, Singapore has developed as one of the most loved goal for directing various occasions and expos. The interest of new and alluring goals, for example, Singapore has developed well to complete conferences, occasions, corporate meetings, and displays. It very well may be expressed that one of the universes meeting is being facilitated by Asian nations and Singapore is a significant giver in the equivalent. These days, Singapore is considered as an engaging goal for facilitating different business occasions, and there are various purposes for the interest. For instance, the goal offers helpful and magnificent air network to different goals of the world. Aside from this, accessibility of lively environments for organizations, various relaxation exercises, and profitable monetary segments are a few components which have bolstered in expanding the interest for occasions, for example, gatherings, impetuses, meeting and display in the goal. Singapore is additionally considered as the base of a few worldwide companies, and it is named as a standout amongst other goal for doing business(Ashrafi, Seow, Lee, Lee, 2013). The system of exchange and correspondence present in the goal are exceptionally effective and helps in drawing in increasingly more occasion coordinators. Till now, the goal has done a few significant occasions, for example, the ninth International Conference on Intelligent Sensors, the International Conference on Interactive Digital Storytelling and the Special Education Network in Asia. It very well may be communicated that The Singapore Tourism Board has assumed an essential job in expanding the interest for MICE occasions . These occasions are additionally contributing a great deal to the development and advancement of the goals the travel industry. It very well may be advocated by the way that in the year 2014, MICE occasions contributed a critical part which was 5.2 SGD Billion to in general the travel industry beneficiaries. The goal offers a potential and conductive stage for doing MICE occasions, and this backings in drawing in increasingly more vacationer in Singapore(Chew, 2015). The orderlies or guests in occasion spend their cash on various divisions of the travel industry and in this manner, adds to by and large development. For example, the chaperons spend their lion's share of cash on lodgings and in this manner, the inns in the goal are given chances to expand their deals and benefit. The interest of different divisions, for example, inn cafés, different eateries, retail locations, transportation, and amusement additionally gets improved by MICE occasions. Inns are considered as one of the greatest benefactor and fundamental recipient area of tourism(Ashrafi, Seow, Lee, Lee, 2013). The method of reasoning behind this is inns offer various offices to occasion chaperons and this builds up a solid feeling of fulfillment among them. The specialists or guests can discover all the things required short of what one rooftop in an extremely helpful way(Chon Weber, 2014). For instance, offices, for example, settlement, dinners, separate course or meeting rooms are offered by the lodgings and in this manner, it turns out to be helpful for individuals to go to the occasion. It tends to be communicated that MICE occasions contribute a great deal to the general improvement of all parts of the travel industry. 2.The effects of MICE industry on the goal According to the travel industry model created by Butler, there are seven unique stages which help in development and improvement of a spot as a visitor goal. Further, the stages are investigation, inclusion, advancement, combination, stagnation, revival and decay. In the main stage, barely any individuals or vacationer visit the goal with a goal to investigate the same(Sandy Sou McCartney, 2015). Here, the important offices, for example, settlement and transportation are very less. In the subsequent stage, an inclusion of neighborhood individuals living in the goal begins expanding, and they start to begin some fundamental offices to the people who visit the goal. In the third stage, the goals begin creating and turn out to be progressively well known among visitor. The fourth stage is union where the goal starts to draw in increasingly more tourist(Getz Page, 2016). Be that as it may, it is additionally considered as a phase in which strains or issues begins creating among traveler and host. In the fifth stage, the offices gave to guests and vacationers become obsolete, and consequently, a goal begins seeing a fall in the all out number of visitor showing up. The 6th phase of restoration wherein the goal centers around improving offices and again the quantity of guests begins increasing(Hsieh, 2013). In the last stage, on the off chance that the goal isn't restored, at that point it straightforwardly goes into the phase of decrease where guests are not, at this point keen on visiting the goal. It tends to be communicated that there is an immediate co-connection of the goal, the travel industry providers, and the travel industry advertisers really taking shape Mega Event a triumph or disappointment. Besides, the organization from all partners of the goal is basic in making an occasion successful(Shipway Fyall, 2013). For instance, if quality items and administrations are not conveyed by the travel industry providers than the travel industry or guests will be disappointed, and the super occasion will turn into a disappointment. Moreover, the travel industry advertisers solid promoting practices will bring about creation the whole occasion a major achievement. The goal, providers, and engineers need to cooperate and concentrate on offering quality items and administrations to make an occasion successful(Rogers Davidson, Marketing goals and scenes for meetings, shows and business occasions, 2015). The effect of MICE occasions on goal The goal (Singapore) has had the option to keep up its driving situation in Asian the market for directing MICE occasions. It tends to be communicated that effective foundation and lively business biological system has had the option to intrigue the agents and orderlies of MICE occasions. Besides, these occasions are contributing a great deal to by and large development and financial advancement of the chose goal. This can be defended by the case of Singapore AIRSHOW 2012, which has contributed a major add up to the economy of the goal (Rogers, 2013). The measure of contributed by the show was $245.5 Million. The sum incorporates income created from guests, outside brokers, and exhibitors. It has bolstered the goal in making mindfulness at the worldwide level and simultaneously, it has helped in offering preparing chances to neighborhood laborers living in the goal. Aside from this, MICE occasions have additionally assumed a significant job in making business openings inside the goal (Whitfield, Dioko, Webber, Zhang, 2014). The consequence of this is individuals living in neighborhood network get a likely stage for development and advancement. The goal likewise urges the occasion coordinators to get ready for MICE occasions which are sustainable(Sandy Sou McCartney, 2015). It contributes straightforwardly to the general ecological and network improvement inside Singapore. MICE occasions as green occasion bring about improvement of the earth and improve the equivalent a spot for living. 3.Recommendations to upgrade the Destinations request to the MICE advertise At present, the goal is confronting specific difficulties and issues connected with MICE occasions. Besides, restricted development and rising desires for clients are the key difficulties which are looked by the goal in setting of MICE occasions. A few Recommendations to upgrade the Destinations claim to the MICE showcase are given beneath as: It tends to be prescribed that the goal now needs to underline on turning into an associated city for facilitating MICE occasions. It implies that the legislature and the travel industry authority can concentrate on making the vehicle helpful for the guests and permitting them to go any place they need. Likewise, it can likewise be proposed that the consistent WIFI network can be given inside all the areas or settings connected with MICE events(Singapore Tourism Board, 2014). It will help in building up a solid feeling of fulfillment among the chaperons and will likewise contribute a great deal to the future development of goal. It can likewise be suggested that the MICE occasions industry should now concentrate more on directing experiential occasions. In the course of recent years, the interest for such occasions has developed well and in this manner; the goal has a likely chance to perform such kinds of events(Tang, 2014). It tends to be finished by coordinating human and innovative assets inside the MICE occasions industry. It can likewise be recommended that the goal would now be able to concentrate on growing increasingly effective and quality productive MICE organizations. A preparation structure can be made to upgrade the current range of abilities and information base of the organizations. End It tends to be inferred that MICE occasion

Employee Benefits Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Representative Benefits - Essay Example Organizations likewise offer these advantages as demonstrations of thankfulness so as to deal with the prosperity of its human capital. The motivation behind this paper is to contemplate various sorts of representative advantages and its how they can be use as a major aspect of a company’s vital arrangement. Two sorts of compulsory incidental advantages that representatives working for organizations get are government managed savings and joblessness protection benefits. Organizations coordinate the 7.65% percent workers pay to the central government for their standardized savings annuity plan and Medicare benefits. The joblessness protection is a protection the business purchases from an administrative organization that pays workers cash on the off chance that the representative gets terminated for up to year on an every other week premise. Other obligatory advantages representatives got from organizations are a sure measure of days off and excursion days out of every year. The regular surmised advantage of collected excursion and days off is ten days off a year ten get-away days of the year. Different sorts of advantages organizations can offer are deliberate advantages to their workers. An arrangement for assistance an organization can offer to their workers incorporates advantages, for example, wellbeing plan, dental arrangement, organization vehicles, gas recompense, Christmas reward, adaptable time, educational cost help, preparing and advancement openings, youngster day care, old consideration and credit associations among others. An all out bundle of advantages is offered by organizations for two principle vital reasons. These two key goals are to empower an organization to enlist top ability and so as to hold prepared representatives in the firm. Offering advantages, for example, kid day care is an entirely significant advantage for a single parent. It empowers these ladies to work, while having the consolation that their youngsters are getting an appropriate consideration which on occasion costs a large number of dollars a month. A wellbeing plan is an advantage that ensures the strength of the workers and gives the clinical monetary help required in those occasions when representatives

Thoughts for the New Year, part 3

Thoughts for the New Year, part 3 The hell of fall semester is finally over and I have resurfaced from my cave of despair to blog again! Ive made this post two years in a row at this point, and I figured that it would only be appropriate to make one this year. Also, these posts are basically the only point all year where I reflect about my life, and I think I need that :P Sidequest 1: Learn the building numbers â€" 99% complete. Im SO CLOSE. I just had an embarrassing moment this year where I had no clue where building 24 was, so I cant quite give myself 100% on this. Sidequest 2: Get my Pirate Certificate â€" 25% complete.  In my defense, Im really trying to take the sailing class next semester, so maybe Ill get this to 50% before I graduate. Turns out varsity fencing is THE BEST and I never want to leave so Im okay with never completing this sidequest :) Sidequest 3: Collect 60 free t-shirts â€" ~50% complete. This is a wild and probably incorrect estimate, but honestly, Im sort of over the free t-shirt craze. This is probably because career fair t-shirts are pretty much my entire day to day wardrobe and this has not changed for the past two years. You get tired of wearing different Jane Street shirts every day. Sidequest 4: Get a cool internship/externship â€" 100% complete!  While this is technically completed because of last years internship at PlayStation, I have still not acquired one for this year because most of the companies I want to work for started their recruiting cycles super late (and I got rejected/ghosted from some of the big ones I applied to, RIP). Stay tuned!!11!!11! Sidequest 5: Pull a cool hack â€" ???% complete.  ??? Sidequest 6: Study abroad as many times as physically possible â€" 0% complete. Okay, I SWEAR Im going to do GTL next year. I actually did apply very half-heartedly this year, but with no intentions of doing it anyways because I need to work on my research project over IAP :P Sidequest 7: Beat Imposter’s Syndrome â€" 45% complete.  I think that this semester, I felt like I belonged at MIT the most out of any semester that Ive been here. This would have increased this percentage to like, 75% on its own. But I do feel shitty and sad about getting rejected from a lot of jobs, so Im going to subtract 30% from that total :,). Im pretty god damn awful at technical interviews. I think Im getting better with practice, but Im still pretty bad. Definitely worse than the MIT average :P. Sidequest 8: Survive the winter without a winter coat â€" 0% complete.  Ive given up on this. Im old and its too damn cold out. Sidequest 9: Build a thing â€" 40% complete.  I think I could theoretically build most of the basic things. I planned on building my own loft this year, but decided against it because a. its a lot of work and b. my boyfriend wound up doing all the building and he didnt want to build a loft, lol Sidequest 10:  Find something I genuinely love to do â€" 50% complete. Note that this is the first year that this sidequest actually has a number value. Long tangent and explanation incoming, per usual. I think the last year was the year that I actually found projects that I genuinely enjoyed working on, and that was really inspiring after suffering through three joyless semesters of CS requirements, I was honestly getting pretty damn sick of this school. I found a UROP where I do independent research thats relevant to my life interests01 who wouldnt love working with games and robots though??? . Im pretty much carrying out my own study using technology that I built myself. I might even be published by next semester if I get everything working this IAP! I also wrote some cool papers for classes I conducted ethnographic research into dating app culture at MIT for the class Petey taught last semester, and did an in-depth analysis of a TV Tropes page for T.L. Taylors Games and Culture this semester. I love writing papers, which is a truly hot take here at MIT, but every time I had a research paper due for a class, I truly relished the opportunity to dig down deeper into a subject that I didnt know much about before. To be honest, this focus on more research based projects is not the direction that I saw my life going in I was sort of resigned to becoming a regular old software engineer for the first two years of my MIT experience. But I think Ive realized that this should be my backup plan, because I really think that I can do more with my skills than become a software engineer02 read: code monkey . Working as a programmer this summer in PlayStation, my literal dream company, sucked the soul out of me more than I thought possible. And honestly, I suck at computer science granted, thats a comparison to people at MIT, but Im awful at technical interviews and havent gotten the hang of them after countless hours of practice. Maybe I just have Impostor Syndrome, but I think its telling that Ive enjoyed all my design-heavy UROP projects far more than I have enjoyed any software project in my entire MIT career. Im still trying to give it a shot. I applied to a lot of software internships03 and got rejected from a lot of software internships for next summer, as well as product management and product engineering internships. I think that having technical experience is important to actually gaining hard skills. But I cant see myself as a software engineer forever. Im rapidly approaching a crossroad that Ill have to navigate in senior fall. I think that I have three options that Ill have to choose from. Note that these are in order of preference. Apply to the Media Lab for graduate school (masters/PhD program).   Pros: Continue my research in games, learning, and robot collaboration. Participate in a ton of cool projects, and create a few myself! Meet some of the coolest people in the field! Maybe even form a startup! Learn about job opportunities beyond just being a software engineer, and gain the qualifications to get those jobs. Cons: I will be a broke grad student for a while. At minimum two years, even more if I get in to the PhD program. I dont know concretely what sorts of jobs I would get with this higher powered degree. I dont really want to go into academia. Its really hard to get in to the Media Lab and I may not be qualified straight out of undergrad. Apply to the MEng program to get a masters degree in a year. Pros: You get a masters degreein a year. Thats pretty dope. Gives an extra year of buffer before applying to real world jobs, and also I could apply for better jobs with a masters degree. Cons: Might be hard to find a TA-ship (which is how you get funded for the degree). Apply to jobs in the real world, preferably in 1. UX design 2. product management and 3. software   Pros: $$$ Start living *real life* $$$ Cons: I will probably be miserable pretty quickly if I do not get a job in UX design or product management. Im not really sure what Im going to do here. I will have to do at least two of these things, which doesnt bode well for my stress levels come next fall. If I boost my GPA enough this spring, Ill be able to apply to the MEng program and I probably wont have to worry about jobs for another year. If Im not able to, Ill have to apply to jobs. Ill be able to apply to the Media Lab either way because they dont care about your GPA, thank the lord. I might even have to do all three because MEng funding isnt necessarily guaranteed, and if I didnt get into the Media Lab or get funding for an MEng, I would definitely want a job as a backup. Next fall is gonna be a wild, wild ride. You might be wondering how I came up with that completion percentage for Sidequest 10. In short, I think I know what I like to do, and what makes me tick. I like my research, and I like doing research for topics that Im interested in. I like designing technology. I like thinking about technology at a high level and thinking about how users might interact with it. I want my career to be something related to UI/UX and not to algorithms, low-level systems design, compilers, or anything thats just pure coding. But theres always a but I still dont know exactly know what Im going to do with that knowledge. Looking out into the future, any of the three options I mentioned above seem possible. I have no idea what next fall will bring. It sort of feels like applying to college all over again.  I do hope that this will be the last significant crossroad that Ill have to encounter in my life, but honestly, it probably wont be, so I better start getting used to it. In retrospect, though, I think that the evolution of my reflections over the last three years is noticeable. Freshman year, I had my first existential crisis and realized that life is ultimately meaningless04 which is true, and still depressing if i think about it too hard . I also realized that I had no idea what to do with my life at MIT, and described this feeling as such: Now, let’s describe MIT as an ocean of possibility. Once you’re in it, you can basically head in any direction you want and land on solid ground. Such is the nature of this school, and this is one of many reasons it’s one of the best colleges out there. However, to go back to the analogy: once I reached the figurative ocean, my boat broke down, dumping me into the deep end and soaking my map, leaving me paddling in no particular direction whatsoever. I no longer feel quite like this. I think that Ive commandeered a boat fromsomewhereand paddled it in the general direction of forwards. Ive almost reached the mainland. I just need to decide which one of three rivers will carry me there, and Im sort of stalled at the confluence of all three of these rivers trying to decide. Good analogy? Not really, but lets move on. Life is still meaningless, but I dont think Im paddling aimlessly in my MIT career any longer. Sophomore year, I was writing from probably the lowest point in my MIT career. I realized that I hated computer science. I realized that I wasnt even very good at it, and regretted not exploring any of the other countless opportunities that MIT provides. I still am not computer sciences biggest fan, but I do think that knowing how to program is basically like knowing how to read in the current day and age. Maybe not quite that important, but its unequivocally useful to know how to program. And I do appreciate being able to create cool side projects and make games with the programming skills that Ive learned. Did I need a computer science degree to do this? Probably not. But having a computer science degree gives me marketable skills in case getting a masters degree doesnt work out for me. I still regret not exploring more opportunities within MIT. I realized that I should have been a 6-9 instead of a 6-3, but its too late now. I wish that I hadnt gotten started in the Media Lab so late, and wish that I had explored more Media Lab classes in freshman and sophomore year. I wish that I had time to take more evolutionary biology and genetics classes. I wish that I was good enough at math to understand more math and physics classes. I do regret all of these things. But I think that Ive found a little niche in the world of MIT that I fit into, and that Im pretty good at. And thats something that Im really grateful for, because I think that gives me the support I need to explore similar fields and find something that Id be interested in working on as a career. And really, thats something that freshman Nisha and sophomore Nisha would have both died to have. I think progress has been made. Stay tuned for next year, when Ill hopefully have a better idea of which road life will lead me down. Post Tagged ##and also complicated ##life is hard ##ugh adulting who wouldn't love working with games and robots though??? back to text ? read: code monkey back to text ? and got rejected from a lot of software internships back to text ? which is true, and still depressing if i think about it too hard back to text ?

Definition Of Quality And Customer Retention - 951 Words

My Article discussed why it necessary to have a clears definition of quality and what customer satisfaction is .The first point that this article makes is summed exactly by the first line of the abstract that, â€Å"No consensus has been reached on a definition for quality; the term is defined differently for products and services, for different industries, and for different levels of dimensionality† (Wick, Rothelin, 2009, p.1) This study investigates the major definitions of quality and the antecedents of customer retention to establish a foundation for a new definition of quality based on satisfaction. Quality is defined as the summation of the effective evaluations by each customer of each attitude object that creates customer satisfaction.†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦show more content†¦For a company to utilize quality management, effectively it has to get a clearly defined meaning of it to be active. A great struggle is overcoming conventional wisdom regarding quality. Managers and others alike seem to be embedded that quality means goodness; that error is inevitable; and that people don’t give a damn about doing good work. From what I Quality is a free component that can be used with no expense to an operation or product. Using quality management in a company is a way of ensuring that activities will go right the first time, and the way they are planned. Our world in business now is so complicated; quality management is needed. For a company nowadays to not have some type of control for the standards of the company should be considered solecism. To find your standards of quality, all the right steps have to be measured correctly. Measurement becomes a matter of defining expectations. A problem that companies run into is they have difficulty measuring important aspects of their progress. I believe that organization is the key to observing progress accurately. Another main point I took from the article was that as the economy expands, customers nowadays have more choices for where they get their services and products. Businesses should have adequate models in place to satisfying customers needs to keep retention. Customers have so many options that can quickly turn them away from their

Evaluation Of A Checklist Assessment - 1538 Words

Assessments play an important role in language development. Assessments allow teachers to become aware of children’s language competencies by using a variety of assessments, forms, and documentation to assess the child’s language. Assessments also play an important role in helping to diagnose and document developmental delays and specific language disorders. Assessments help teachers to plan appropriate learning activities, to respond to accountability concerns, and engage in periodic and on-going assessments. Purpose of Checklist â€Å"Checklists are composed of lists of characteristics or behaviors that are the focus of an observation† (Otto, 2014, p. 339). The purpose of a checklist assessment is to keep track of behaviors and developmental competencies. A checklist should note a child’s behavior that would be directly related to target characteristics by documenting your observations. A checklist also helps teachers to document a child’s early means of communicating. It is important to write down criteria or evidence that a student is and can demonstrate the outcome. Purpose of an Anecdotal Record â€Å"An anecdotal record is generally written in a narrative format, providing a descriptive account of language-related behaviors during a specified time† (Otto, 2014, p. 345). Anecdotal records focus more on general areas of language competency like vocabulary. Anecdotal records are open- ended and they are less structured. Anecdotal records are an effective way for teachers toShow MoreRelatedEvaluation Of A Future Elementary Educator1361 Words   |  6 Pageselementary educator, I know that there are various methods for assessing students. In my opinion, assessment should vary depending on the age group being assessed. Students throughout elementary school learn in different ways and develop different levels of thinking as their learning progresses. 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Nurse to patient ratio in emergency rooms Free Essays

string(57) " largely affects the performance of the nurse concerned\." The presence of emergency rooms in hospital provides the people with additional service especially in time of need. Emergency situations are given the attention they deserve and the people affected are extended prompt care and treatment in emergency rooms. â€Å"When you need help right away, the best place to go is the nearest hospital emergency room. We will write a custom essay sample on Nurse to patient ratio in emergency rooms or any similar topic only for you Order Now Also called the ER, this place is open 24 hours a day. Nurses and doctors are there day and night to care for medical problems that need quick attention† (â€Å"What Happens In The Emergency Room†). The presence of doctors, nurses, and equipment are important factors in making the emergency room serve its purpose. Due to the number of emergency situations that occur on a daily basis however, said factors must be assessed in order to determine whether or not emergency rooms still provide ample assistance to people in a given community. One such factor of great importance is the number of nurses assigned to a shift in an emergency room. It is important to review how the number of nurses in an emergency room can affect the rendition of service to patients, and ultimately, how it affects mortality of patients in the hospital. Nurses are of value and importance inside the hospital. As correctly stated by Underwood, Nurses in the community are well prepared and well positioned to improve the health and well-being of people living in the community. The available evidence is convincing that nurses in the community have a positive impact on the health of individuals, families, and populations (2003). Admittedly, it is the doctor who orders what type of treatment and prescribes the necessary medication to a certain patient. However, it must be noted that without the nurse, the orders of the doctor will be put to naught since no one will be in charge in the execution of said orders. So also, the basic things preliminary to the treatment of the patient are usually done by the nurse. Thus, it necessary to analyze how understaffing of nurses in the emergency room could affect the services these nurses render to the patients who are urgently in need of help. Ultimately, it can be seen that the safety of the patients are dependent on the number of the nurses that are assigned to the emergency room in a given shift. The quality of the services provided and delivered by the nurses depends on the tasks assigned to them and to the number of patients they attend to. Based on studies conducted, increase in the ratio between patients and nurses are advantageous as regards the delivery of health care services to the patients. The opposite is not only disadvantageous to the interests of the patients, but rather, it could lead to deterioration of health or even death on the part of the patients. The staffing of nurses in emergency rooms is an important issue must be addressed. The patient and nurse ratio affects the work load of the nurse, medication errors, waiting time of patients, delivery of care and mortality. Said issues must be address in order to ensure that emergency rooms are still effective venues for rendering treatment to emergency situations. Increase in the patient to nurse ratio would ensure better rendition of services to patients. Firstly, delays will be prevented by higher ratio between patents and nurses inside the emergency room. Clearly, there are instances where more patients need care and there are only a handful of nurses available at a given shift. In these cases, not all the patients will be attended to promptly. Some would have to wait because the nurses would have to focus on the other patients who are in need of more urgent care or treatment. The other patient, also needing emergency treatment, will necessarily have to wait. As aptly stated, excessive delays are akin to possible adverse events from the supply side (pressure experienced by the nurses) and from the demand side (waiting patients), both of which factor into the overall quality of care. Accordingly, we pose the nurse staffing problem in terms of finding staffing levels that guarantee a bound on a specified probability of excessive delay [†¦]  staffing levels are set to prevent the assistance of patients in need from being delayed longer than a specified time constraint [†¦] (Vericourt and Jennings). It must not be forgotten that emergency rooms are assigned in a hospital in order to provide attention to emergency cases. If patients are made to wait for a long period of time before their ailment can be attended to, then the purpose for which emergency room exists is not being served. The adverse effect of the delay caused by a decrease in patient to nurse ratio is not limited to having the patient wait for treatment that he or she needs. Ultimately, the health of the patient is adversely affected.  delaying certain procedures can endanger patient health. For instance, the medical guidelines for certain myocardial infarctions recommend the immediate administration of aspirin. Delays also give rise to unfinished tasks, either because nurses fail to remember them later or because they abandon them in order to take care of more urgent procedures. In emergency rooms situations, time is always of the essence. Hence, the waiting time of the patient must be lessened, if not absolutely eliminated. The mere fact that the patient sought help from the emergency room means that care and treatment must be urgently administered to him. Having the patient wait due to the limited number of nurses that are available in a given shift means that the patient has to bear with his ailment before he can be attended to. This is contrary to the purpose of emergency rooms. Secondly, the increase in the patient to nurse ratio will clearly eliminate medication errors inadvertently done by nurses. It must be admitted that the number of patients assigned to a nurse at one given time largely affects the performance of the nurse concerned. You read "Nurse to patient ratio in emergency rooms" in category "Essay examples" If patients, more than those which one nurse can handle, are assigned to a nurse, there will be difficulty in attending to all of said patients. This could lead to error in administering the proper treatment to be given to a certain patient. Regardless of the competence of the nurses in the hospital, the weight of their work load can actually influence the quality of service that they deliver to the patients. In instances which involved the decrease of the ratio between patient and nurse, medication errors have been made by nurses. The commission of said errors eventually led to complaints from patients due to faulty and low quality of service that has been provided to them. One article recounted that a report from the Department of Health of Massachusetts revealed that â€Å"medical errors and complaints at hospitals have increased by 76 percent in seven years† (Why The Staffing Ratio Law Is Needed†) due to understaffing of nurses in emergency rooms.   Thus, it appears that decrease in the ratio between nurse and patient could actually lead to endangering the health of patients. This could also blemish the character and reputation of hospitals in the community because instead of ensuring the health of the patients, they accomplish the opposite. Lastly, and more importantly, the ratio between patient and nurse affects the quality of service given to, and the mortality of patients seeking help from the emergency room. As mentioned earlier, the delay in receiving proper care and the great possibility of errors in medication could adversely affect the health of patients. This is the same reason why a lot of States have resorted to the promulgation of laws involving the fixing of the ratio between patients and clients in the hospital. This is to ensure quality of the care provided to the patients. As correctly pointed out by Vericourt and Jennings, The rationale for implementing these ratios stems from the association between nurse staffing level and patient safety. Research studies suggest a significant connection between nurse workload and clinical outcomes. For instance, Aiken et al. (2002) conclude that the addition of one surgical patient to nurse assignments results in a 7% increase in mortality rates. The purpose of the mandated nurse-to-patient ratios is to provide a consistently high level of patient safety throughout the state. Ostensibly, safety is partially attained through manageable workloads among those who actually provide health care services. If decrease in the ratio between nurses and patients is countenanced, then a lot of patients would suffer because they will not receive the urgent treatment that they need. There is a possibility that their injury or ailment could actually worsen due to errors in treatment or medication. So also, there is a chance that due to lack of timely and proper treatment, death could ensue. The Institute of Medicine of the National Academies of Science reports that â€Å"nurse staffing levels affect patient outcomes and safety.† Insufficient monitoring of patients, caused by poor working conditions and the assignment of too few RNs, increases the likelihood of patient deaths and injuries at a time when avoidable medical errors kill up to 98,000 people in U.S. hospitals every year (â€Å"Why The Staffing Ratio Law Is Needed†). This is, unquestionably, a serious issue that must be addressed. As mentioned above, the emergency room is a place where quick attention could be given to patients who are in need. There is a promise that ailments and injuries will be treated right away in order to save the patient. However, due to understaffing of nurses in emergency rooms, it appears that chances of death are even heightened. All the materials related to the issue at hand are in agreement that the fixing of the ratio between patients and nurses is an important issue that deserves attention. Not only does it affect the workload of the nurses, but ultimately, it affects the health and safety of the patients seeking help from the hospital. In a survey conducted, even the nurses themselves agree that understaffing is a serious problem encountered in most hospitals. â€Å"The survey data demonstrate that nurses view understaffing as a serious problem when it comes both to the quality of care that patients receive and to nurse burnout. For example, three in five (59%) hospital nurses say that the staffing level at their hospital is having a negative impact on the quality of care patients receive† (Hart, 2003). In conclusion, emergency rooms and nurses play an important role in the society when it comes to giving urgent care and treatment to patients seeking help. Mere assignment of nurses to emergency rooms is not sufficient. A sufficient number of nurses must be assigned to a certain shift in the emergency room in order to meet the demands of the people in need. Undeniably, nurses play different roles while they are at work. Its goal is to promote and preserve the health of populations and is directed to communities, groups, families and individuals across their life span in a continuous rather than episodic process. The role and activities include: care/service provider; educator; consultant; community developer; leader; enabler; advocate; communicator; resource manager/planner; coordinator; team member/collaborator; researcher/evaluator; social marketer; and policy formulator (Underwood, 2003). If said duties are expected of nurses, then it appears that said duties cannot be accomplished if only a few nurses are assigned in a certain shift.   Research proves that decrease in the ratio between nurses and patients affect adversely the performance of nurses. They commit errors in medication and are not able to provide proper care and treatment to all the patients assigned to them. On the other hand, increase in the ratio between nurses and patients ensure that only the best quality service and care will be given to the patient. Proper attention and adequate attention is ensured because the nurse is able to focus on the patient. Ultimately, in increasing the ratio between nurses and patients, nurses are able to perform their duties efficiently, and the patients receive the care and attention that they deserve. REFERENCE Hart, P. (2003). Patient-To-Nurse Staffing Ratios: Perspectives From Hospital Nurses. AFT Healthcare. http://www.aft.org/pubs-reports/healthcare/HartStaffingReport2003.pdf Kaestner, R. (2006). Nurse-to-Patient Ratios. http://content.healthaffairs.org/cgi/content/full/25/3/882-a?rss=1 Tone, B. (1999). Nurse-patient ratios, professionalism and safety. http://www.nurseweek.com/features/99-5/ratios.html Vericourt and Jennings. Nurse To Patient Rations in Hospital Staffing: a Queuing Perspective. http://faculty.fuqua.duke.edu/~fdv1/bio/ratios3.pdf Underwood, J. (2003). Value of Nurses In the Community. Canadian Nurses Association, http://www.cna- nurses.ca/CNA/documents/pdf/publications/Value_Nurses_Community_April_2003_e.pdf â€Å"What Happens In the Emergency Room?†. 2007. http://www.kidshealth.org/kid/feel_better/places/er.html â€Å"Why The Staffing Ration Law Is Needed†. 2005. http://www.massnurses.org/safe_care/toolkit/story1.htm How to cite Nurse to patient ratio in emergency rooms, Essay examples

Statements Over Above Recoverable Amount †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Statements Over Above Recoverable Amount? Answer: Introducation The basic principle behind impairment is the fact that the asset would never be reported in the financial statements over and above the recoverable amount. This is the higher of the fair value of the asset less the costs to sell and its value which is in use. The carrying value of the asset would be compared in with the amount that would be recovered if the asset is sold in the market. An asset is stated to have been impaired when the amount that could be recovered is less than the value at which the cost has been reported in the books of accounts. Any difference between the former and the latter is then termed as an impairment loss and is carried on to the statement of profit and loss. All of the assets that are reported in the books of accounts or in the financial statements are generally tested for review with regard to an impairment whenever there is an indication that an asset could have been impaired. There are some of the assets such as the goodwill and the intangible assets that have an indefinite life which are tested for an impairment each year even when there is an absence of the conditions that could indicate impairment. The amount that is capable of being recovered is calculated for each one of the individual assets. There is generally not even one asset that is able to generate revenues for the company all by itself. It needs the other assets for the purposes of generating the cash flows. This is termed as the cash generating units. It is mainly described as the smallest group of the assets which is able to generate in the cash flow which mainly depends on the other cash flows of the other assets or the groups of the assets. Whenever there is a business communication, then the amount of the goodwill earned or recovered is able to be allocated to the cash generating units of the acquirer which is expected to benefit from the business combination. But the largest group of the cash generating unit which is permitted is for the impairment testing of the goodwill which generally operates at the lowest level of the operating segment As per the rules of the IAS 36 which deals with the impairment of the assets, the testing of impairment of the assets is usually performed as the level which is much more bigger than the operating stement which has been defined out under the IFRS 8 which deals with an operating segment. There are many of the issues that are created since the IFRS 8 allows the fact that a higher level of the operating segment which could be reported is created in case some of the conditions have been set The standard though is not very much clear as to the aggregation of the allocation of the goodwill for the cash generating units along with the testing of impairment. This would be no longer than the operating segment before and after the aggregation has taken place. In order to deal with this uncertainty (AASB, 2017). The IASB went on to amend the standard and state the fact that the operating segment in no case could be larger than the operating segment before the aggregation takes place. The entities would definitely ensure that the cash generating units would be aligned in with the operating segments. The amount that is capable of being recovered is usually the same for each one of the individual asset. The carrying amount of the cash generating units comprises of the assets that are capable of being directly attributed to the reasonable and consistent basis for the cash generating units. These include the corporate assets and the goodwill (IFRS, 2017). In the case, wherein goodwill is allocated to an operating unit and then that operating units has been disposed of, then the amount of the goodwill which is allocated to the operating units would be included in the carrying amount of the operation when it would calculate the profit or the loss on disposal. An entity would recognise the business and also change in the composition of the cash generating units to which the amount of the goodwill is calculated. In these cases, the amount of the goodwill which is attributable to these operations would be moved in between these cash generating units on the basis of the fair values of the operations and the remaining of the cash generating units from which the operations could be transferred. The amount of the liabilities that relates in with the financing of the cash generating units are not allocated to determine in the carrying amount of the cash generating units which is related with the amount of the cash flow which is apart from the calculations of an impairment (IAS plus, 2017). Whenever there is an impairment loss, then the amount of the change would be allocated towards the amount of the goodwill which is calculated to the cash generating units and then on to the other assets of the cash generating units on the pro rate basis as per the carrying amounts of each one of the assets that forms the part of the cash generating unit (Ernst and Young, 2017). When calculating the loss of impairment to a cash generating unit, the carrying amount of each one of the asset would be reduced to below to the highest of the fair value less the costs to sell or value in use or 0. Any amount of the impairment loss which has not been allocated would be allocated to the cash generating units or on to the other assets subject to some of the limits. This would result in the process which continues till the time an impairment loss is capable of allocated fully or till the time each one of the assets contained in the cash generating units has been reduced to the highest of the fair value of the each asset less the costs to sell, value or 0 (ACCA global, 2017) The following is the journal entry along with the workings: (Amounts in $) Particulars Carrying amount Value in use Impairment loss Patent 5,21,000.00 5,01,381.00 19,619.00 Equipment 1,20,000.00 98,950.00 21,050.00 Fittings 76,000.00 62,669.00 13,331.00 Inventory 33,000.00 33,000.00 - Goodwill 27,000.00 - 27,000.00 Total CA 7,77,000.00 6,96,000.00 81,000.00 Equipment 1,20,000.00 0.61 - Fittings 76,000.00 0.39 - 1,96,000.00 - Journal entry: Impairment loss 81,000.00 Patent 19,619.00 Equipment 21,050.00 Fittings 13,331.00 Goodwill 27,000.00 References: https://www.accaglobal.com, A. (2017).Impairment of goodwill and CGUs | ACCA Global. [online] Accaglobal.com. Available at: https://www.accaglobal.com/in/en/member/discover/cpd-articles/corporate-reporting/goodwill-cgus.html [Accessed 12 Sep. 2017]. Iasplus.com. (2017).Goodwill and other intangible assets Key differences between U.S. GAAP and IFRSs. [online] Available at: https://www.iasplus.com/en-us/standards/ifrs-usgaap/goodwill [Accessed 12 Sep. 2017]. Ifrs.com. (2017).International Financial Reporting Standards - Questions and Answers. [online] Available at: https://www.ifrs.com/updates/aicpa/ifrs_faq.html [Accessed 11 Sep. 2017]. www.aasb.gov.au. (2017).ED 30. [online] Available at: https://www.aasb.gov.au/admin/file/content105/c9/IPSASB_ED30.pdf [Accessed 15 Sep. 2017]. www.asb.co.za. (2017).Executive summary Impairment of Cash-generating Assets. [online] Available at: https://www.asb.co.za/asb_dev/Portals/0/Documents/GRAP/standards/approved_effective/GRAP26/GRAP_26_FAQS.pdf [Accessed 15 Sep. 2017]. www.ey.com. (2017).Impairment accounting the basics of IAS 36 Impairment of Assets. [online] Available at: https://www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/Impairment_accounting_the_basics_of_IAS_36_Impairment_of_Assets/$FILE/Impairment_accounting_IAS_36.pdf [Accessed 15 Sep. 2017].

The couter by Salman Rushdie

Dress Codes in Schools †Dressing for Success

Dress Codes in Schools – Dressing for Success Free Online Research Papers Smiling and happy faces come through the doors of the school. All of them are teenagers with similar needs and similar purposes. They come to learn to be successful men and women in the future, yet when they are looked upon; their differences show they are not united. When entering the school, you will notice that students are separated in areas like the classroom, the hallways, and the cafeteria. Students are not separated by their race or color of skin, but by their manners of dressing. At many schools, it becomes easy to divide students into groups; there are groups of students who wear clothes that are as pretty as they are expensive. â€Å"Pretty† appears to many as name brand clothes that expose more flesh than necessary. Likewise, there are students famously known as â€Å"skaters,† with chains around their hands, pockets, and waists. Additionally, they often wear pants that are baggy enough to fit two people and threaten to fall down their hips. There are also those who manage to be between those two extreme categories and dress casually. For those reasons, with the implementation of a dress code, students will have to follow strict guidelines in dressing appropriately. For Instance, schools can elimina te the wearing of chains and mandate wearing fitted belts. Therefore, the implementation of a dress code for elementary and secondary public schools offers several benefits that have a positive effect on the school community. The anxiety over safety in public schools has led school administrators in the direction of implementing strict dress codes and uniform policies. Despite long-standing attention to the problem, there is a growing perception that not all public schools are safe places of learning, and media reports highlight specific school-based violent acts. Crime in and around schools threatens the well being of students, school staff, and communities. Many may argue that dress codes threaten students’ individual rights of free expression; nevertheless, it is the responsibility of school officials to create a safe learning environment for children (Paliokas, 7). Children wearing expensive or fashionable clothes such as Nike, G-Unit, Guess, and Baby Phat Jeans become victims of theft. Dress codes offer many benefits that forbid competition and violence among students. Competition among students regarding clothing turns violent and certain fashion accessories or attire is used as weapons or as a means to conceal weapons. For example, oversized shirts and baggy pants can be easily used to hide guns, knives, and drugs that can be carried into schools. In order to reduce violence, many schools have implemented a dress code with the hope to prohibit students from wearing a wide range of specific items including gang related attire and insigma, such as bandannas, certain colors, and hats. Additionally, implementing a strict dress code assists school officials to identify nonstudents, trespassers, and other visitors. Mandating a dress code has huge effects on the educational environment. California’s Long Beach School District has seen noticeable improvement with descending crime rates since the implementation of a mandatory student dress policy. Statistics show that crime has decreased by ninety-one percent, suspensions have decreased by ninety percent, sex offenses have been reduced by ninety-six percent, and vandalism is down sixty-nine percent (Daniels, 22). Academic success is another reason to employ a dress code in elementary and secondary public schools. Wearing a uniform to school takes the center of attention away from what students wear and places it more on what the student is learning. Students who are focused on the school environment as opposed to what their peers are thinking of their clothes will have better test scores. However, when a student is worried about whether or not they are going to get assaulted to and from school or at school because of gear their grades begin to soar downhill. Some students will then lose interest on academics and focus more so toward the undue stress of other student’s cruel behaviors toward them. Implementing a school uniform will be a success because all students will look similar and students will concentrate on their academic performance in school. According to Daniels, â€Å"Students dress policy also reduces the cost of clothing for students† (Daniels, 27). Many families do not have the money to buy expensive clothing for their children to wear to school. Thus, parents benefit because they are saving money on no longer having to buy the latest fashions. Most school uniforms are cost effective and easily accessible for parents to obtain. Furthermore, a parent shopping for children becomes an effortless task because they are following strict guidelines when purchasing clothing for school. For example, at Lansing School District’s, Pattengill Middle School, children can only wear certain colored pants and shirts. The acceptable colors for pants are blue, black, brown, and beige. The hues for shirts are navy blue, light blue, red, black, and white. Many school districts have turned to dress codes and uniform policies to promote a better learning environment. Statistics prove that school related criminal incidents have decreased significantly and academic performance has been enhanced. The learning process is uninterrupted with the fashionable clothing and accessories because all students are dressed alike. Also, many families cannot afford expensive clothing and as a result of an implemented dress code, parents do not have to feel pressured into buying high end clothing. For that reason, a dress code serves several purposes that promote a more positive outcome than negative for the learning environment. Research Papers on Dress Codes in Schools - Dressing for SuccessStandardized TestingHip-Hop is ArtPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenUnreasonable Searches and SeizuresRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andGenetic Engineering19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug Use

The United States Prohibition of Alcohol Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The United States Prohibition of Alcohol - Essay Example The law of prohibition does not include the consumption and carrying of alcohol. As a result of this prohibition, the era faced a difficult time which was full of social unbalances. The illegal alcohol became the high income commodity that lead to the black marketing business during that period. The business of the racketeer was rising without any limits, in which strong and powerful groups started corrupting the agencies responsible for the enforcement of law. The demand for alcohol got sky high as it showed great potential to get smuggled. The amount required for the enforcement of forbidden law was quite much and there were little revenues generated from the taxes i.e. $500 million collection every year from the whole U.S. that inversely impacted the economy and government exchequers. In 1933, the law of prohibition of alcohol got reversed through the implementation of 21st Amendment in the constitution. The black market group ultimately lost their shares in the illegal activity i n every state of U.S as each state was enjoying the right to place their own developed rules and laws to counter the use of alcohol and the legal stores were introduced to sell the economical priced alcohol. The illicit criminal groups found it difficult to sustain their profits and started the more dangerous criminal activity by dealing in other products like narcotics and drugs. Not just the formal legal control over the use of alcohol, the colonial America had some informal majors of controlling the consumption of liquor at home and social grounds in the community by maintaining the ideals that use of alcohol is bad and not at all acceptable. It was quite clear in the minds of the people that alcohol is from the God but the negative aspects are derived from the devil along. Therefore, anyone found guilty of consuming alcohol will be punished by God and it is condemned at a greater scale. In case of failure for informal controlling techniques, the legal method was used to counter the effects. The violation was no doubt happening in U.S but the normal sobriety of the people reveals the improvement of the controlling system from formal and informal levels for the population that intakes over 3 gallon of alcohol/ person each annum. This statistic is much higher than the current rate of using alcohol. There were some details that were given by the medical experts. Dr Benjamin Rush, a psychiatrist of the 18th century stated that during the period of 1784, that high consumption of (r is harmful for the physical health as well as physiological health. His idea was related to the moderate consumption instead of complete forbidden (Gerritsen 165). Under the influence of the revelation of Benjamin rush, 200 farmers of Connecticut community created an association in 1789. Same kinds of formations were developed in other states like Virginia in 1800 and in network in 1808. In the next ten years, other associations were formed in more than eight states of U.S. out of whi ch there were some that were accepted to the state level. In 1840, the prohibition movement or dry movement was initiated and expanded by the pietistic religious dominations; the most important one was the Methodists (Gann 358). During the years of 1830 and 1840, most of the associations that were formed started believing in the fact that the only way to avoid the state

The Object-oriented Analysis - OOA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

The Object-oriented Analysis - OOA - Essay Example The School of Technology at Oxford Brookes University is undertaking the computerization of the process for preparing question papers for its various departments. The process involves communication between the Examination and Conferment Unit (ECU), module leaders, teaching staff, internal checkers, the exam secretary, and external examiners. The computerization project aims to improve the current system, which is considered quite tedious by the different parties involved. The new system, which shall be named â€Å"School of Technology Modular Examination and Coursework Preparation† (STMECP System), must address the issues associated with the current system while meeting quality assurance requirements in the preparation of question papers. An initial Requirements Elicitation and Specification has already been conducted. The project team elicited and analysed users’ requirements for the new system and identified both functional and non-functional requirements, as well as identified and analysed use cases and scenarios. The next step is to produce detailed requirements specifications using requirements modeling tools which help control the complexity, risk, and scope of the project. Requirements modeling also help and define goals and success criteria in an unambiguous manner for all the parties involved in the development and eventual use of the system. Complex requirements can be modeled with full traceability provided from each requirement, through to the final deliverables and system behavior (Sparx-Req Mgt, 2008). As defined during Requirements Elicitation and Specification, the functional requirements of the new system are divided into two areas: 1) the preparation of questions, solutions and other exam and coursework materials, and 2) the preparation and update of the TEO forms.Use cases are goal-oriented sets of interactions between actors and the system. For the STMECP system, the actors are the exam secretary (ES), module leaders (ML), memb ers of the teaching staff (TS), internal checkers (IC), and external examiners (EE).  

Training and Development Case Study

Training and Development Case Study Training is a method of provide knowledge, skills, and technical for employee through the activities or events. Besides, training can improve ones capability, capacity, and performance, help the company achieve the goal and profit efficiently. Development is focused upon the activities that the company recruiting the employee into our company and help the company together in the future. This method must be discussed and planned by the organization. The definition of training and development Companys activity aimed at through information and instructions to upgrade the employees performance and skills on the present job or to help employee arrived a required level of knowledge or skill. This method can increase the production of the company, move forward a single step to increase the company profit. Company use of scientific and technical knowledge to meet specific objectives or requirements in their future. They also will invite more employees into their company and provide skills and technical to them. The process of economic and social transformation that is based on complex cultural and environmental factors and their interactions. The importance of training and development 1) Overcoming weaknesses and improved employee performance Most employees have some weaknesses in their workplace skills. Training can provide the skills and knowledge to them that each employee needs to improve. A development program can brings their employee to higher level to product the production. This method can reduce mistake of the employee, produce the outputs efficiently. When the employees are competent and on top of changing industry standards, they will help the company hold a position as a leader and strong competitor within the industry. 2) Consistency and employee satisfaction Through a structured training and development program ensures that employees can work and help the company together, improve work efficiency. If the employees obtain the opportunity to practice, they will increase their skills and technical. Therefore, the employees have the advantage over employees in other companies that a company makes shows the employees they are valued. Through training opportunities, the employees may feel more satisfaction toward their jobs. Content Training and development was one of the main functions in human resource management. With the advancement of the world, most of the company will try to invest money in employees through the training and development as the employees is one of the main weapon for company to compete with others in business. When the company is investing money in equipment, its value might be depreciated over the years. But investing in employees will be totally different as investing in equipment. When the company is investing in employees, it will bring a lot of benefits to company. The training and development could produce more productive and effective employees to the company in return of the investment. These employees could improve the performance of the company. Training refer to the method used by employers to give their employees some skill needed to perform in their job. Nowadays, the most common training methods used by the company are induction training, on-the-job training and off-the-job training. Induction training will try to familiarizes the new employees with their responsibilities and role. Normally the human resource manager will explain the company rules, working hours, vacations, employees benefits, company organization and operations, as well as expectation of the job to the new employees on the first day. Then the facilities tour will be given to new employees within the workplace and all the colleagues are introduced to make them feel welcome. On-the-job training means the employees receive training in the workplace. The most common type of on-the-job training is coaching. The experienced employees will provide instruction and demonstrations to the trainees in order for them to learn some new skills. Job rotation means the trainee will be given different task to gain experience in the full range of job and to broaden their understanding of the business. Special assignments are given to trainee which give them a chance to deal with the actual problem in working. Off-the-job training means the employees receive training at a site away from the working environment. They could be in-house training or out-house training. In- house training means training will be given to trainee using employers facilities while out-house training are provided by outsider or college. The company will allowed their employees to go for higher education by sponsored them to the show their support. The employees could learn more knowledge from the outside specialists and this could help them in increasing their confidence towards the job given. While development refer to the method used to improve employees performance by teaching them general knowledge and changing their attitudes. The goal of development is more focus on long-term, they are trying to help employees grow in getting higher position in the future. When any managerial position is available in the company, there could be a qualified person from current employees to take over the position. This could ensure a smooth transition and operational efficiency in the company. Case Development (I) Background of Petronas The company that we choose is PETRONAS. PETRONAS was founded at 17 August 1974, which is 100% owned by Malaysia government. PETRONAS is a company that is the largest corporation in the world, which invest the total gas and oil resources and consign responsibility of adding value and developing to the resources. There are some important achievements of PETRONAS. At 1975, PETRONAS is the first company which exports crude oil. At 1976, PETRONAS had made a conclusion that is sharing production contract with Shell and Esso. PETRONAS had incorporated with Carigali and Asean Bintulu Fertilizer at 1978 and 1980. At 1981, the first gas station of PETRONAS had business in Taman Tun Dr Ismail, Kuala Lumpur. During 1984, HQ had moved to Komplets Dayabumi. Petronas had started the first export of fertilizer and liquefied at 1985. Next, PETRONAS had the first oversea operation in Myanmar at 1990. At 1994, the first subsidiary of PETRONAS, which is PETRONAS Dagangan Bhd, was listed on KLSE. HQ had moved to Twin Towers at 1997. Due to PETRONAS incorporation, it has been grow to a unify international gas and oil company. Its business was interested in 35 foreign countries. PETRONAS group included 103 owned subsidiaries, 57 joint companies, and 19 outfits at the end of March 2005. Based on these companies, PETRONAS group has been make that involved in many activities of gas and oil. For example, upstream exploration, allocation products of petroleum, makes natural gas and etc. PETRONAS is a headquarter at Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, which was started on 42nd National Day of Malaysia, at 31 August 1998. PETRONASs employees are the most important asset and key to achieve success in realising the aspiration to be a leading multinational oil and gas corporation. PETRONAS Company todays achievements and in the future depends largely on the collective efforts and commitment of their employees. With this in mind, PETRONAS Company place top priority on human capital training and development. These statements define PETRONAS as an organization, leading their corporate activities and policies, setting the course for the future. (II) Human Resource Practices of Petronas At PETRONAS, employees are never lack of development, advancement, or progressive movement. The potency of all the employees is giving support and encouragement as during the period of training and development. At the same time, competencies and skill technique are practised for each PETRONASs employee to achieve his/her full ability and prospective. Stepping into the employment of PETRONAS, all the employees will directly commence on the journey of training development experience. PETRONAS insiders are confidential not only to training and development activities but also giving advantage from the daily casual counselling and instructing, close to the job training, job enrichment, job rotation and self nurturing amongst others during the official lecture with a setting of strategy inwardly as well as outwardly. In order to give a hand for insiders in enhancing their knowledge and ability, there is an intended outstanding formal program in training and development. That is developing in-house trainers. Here, the PETRONAS Company subordinates training requirements are time after time recognize by the superiors. In order to offer effective and important training, PETRONAS has urbanized in excess of 30 in-house trainers. In-house training is defined as any training that is held in company premises in order to educate, develop or expand employees technique and skills. This involves all technical and soft skills courses that serve for this purpose. These instructors are well capable of to afford training and development programs in the following areas. 1) Permit to Work Training It is a more recognized by PETRONAS structure stating exactly what work is to be complete and when, and which parts of the work are secure. Assessing the work and test out safety at each of the stage in working environment is a responsible for a employee to carry out. Employees undertaking the job sign the permit are to show that they realize the risks involved and what safety measures are necessary. Besides that, employers of PETRONAS must be awake of the policy concerning more risky work activities, and guarantee that they understand their responsibility, duties and obligations in law. The course of industrial safety training will enable managers to assess the requirements of a particular job or task, and ensure that permit to work documentation is completed correctly and that employees undertaking dangerous activities are capable to do in securely way. 2) Confined Space Authorised Gas Tester PETRONAS is essential in examination for and ensuring working surroundings are out of harms in some exacting way. An authorization of managing about a confined space during the muggy work for either outer spaces or indoor workplace should give precedence first. By this way, it will make possible for the employees or worker to discover and understand appropriately all the instruction that recognition from the gas disclosure. The course of Confined Space Authorised Gas Tester content work area classification and its risk and safety factors, Chemistry of fire, toxic, and flammable atmosphere, type of gas detectors for inert atmosphere, gas testing procedures, gas testing practical, type of gas detectors for inert atmosphere and the construction of gas detectors. 3) Processed Safety Workshop This course provides an impression of course of action about the safety engineering essentials for dealing out with hydrocarbon facilities, which importance on the upstream oil gas sector such as PETRONAS. Process Safety Management is focusing on this course for the engineering/design aspects. Frequent reference will be made to historical happening and recurring problem areas. Oil and gas processing will be reviewed with some techniques for analyzing and justifying process of safety hazards. A key aim of this course is to accomplish a deliberate advance to Process Safety Management with addition of the concepts enclosed. Exercises and group projects will be develop throughout the course to highlight the key of the learning points. 4) First Aid Training PETRONAS place an emergency treatment administered to an injured or sick person before professional medical care is available during their working progress. 5) Advance First Responder Training From this training, first responders are the first people on scene during an emergency. Police, fire fighters, s, and even school personnel are more likely to be the first responders during an emergency than others. PETRONAS offer training courses and independent study programs to prepare first responders for emergencies. This training can be found at both the consciousness level, which offers a more detailed and job-specific level of education on the given topic. This training can be found on several different topics, including use of hazardous materials and management. Besides, technical training is one of the training that Petronas used. The purpose of technical training is to teach employee about the detailed of skills to fulfill the daily work task. Technical training can be referring in any setting, such as vocational, consideration, and information technology. The part of Petronas success is qualified to skill and train personnel to corporation employs. Petronas has used a practical role in human resource development to ensure the company has enough professionals supply for the long-term requirements, since it started more than 30 years. In 1983, Petronas has set up technical traning to train technicians and operators to expand manufacturing facilities. Besides, Petronas had set up Management Training Centre for training and development. At the same year, Petronas had created Institut Latihan Perindustrian Petroleum (ILPP), also known as Institut Teknologi Petroleum Petronas (INSTEP), to focus on the problems such as lack of trained machinist and technicians. Institut Teknologi Petroleum Petronas, INSTEP, had provided technical training to employees. For example, job profiling, learning analysis, and so on. INSTEP had 3 amphitheatres and 42 learning rooms for different types of training activities. Besides, Petronas Technical Training Sdn. Bhd. (PTTSB), had set up a technical training with UMW Oil and Gas Corporation Sdn. Bhd. on 28 June 2012 at Kuala Lumpur. Based on this technical training, it will focus on Malaysian who lack in gas, drilling, and oil industry. Another theory of training and development is education grant that has offered by PETRONAS Company as they always show their appreciation and encouraging on their employees who are willing to go the further mile in the mission of expanding their knowledge in fields relevant to their job or future projects/assignments. PETRONAS Company share the education costs for those who are pursuing the following qualifications such as diploma, degree, master degree or Ph. D as an evidence of commitment to support PETRONASs employees in pursuing higher education. There are types of education grants for qualified employees who wish to continue their education at a higher institution of learning. Employees education grants may be issued by PETRONAS towards some particular course of study that related to their interest or job position in the company. In majority, PETRONAS pay all the education grants directly to the institutes where the employees enrolled. Other forms of employees education grants, it can be used with a number of different consent of degree programs. PETRONAS has the intention in developing a skilled workforce and able to hire a talented employees. (III) Advantages There are advantages in training and development. The advantages of in-house training include training cost saving. The cost per representative will lesser when compared to the same number of employee sending to public training courses. Secondly is PETRONAS Company will get more convenience because this training fit around the working schedule of the staff and at a location they go frequently. Thirdly it is more specific due to its course run generally for a single client and allocates the training to focus on specific items that are causing issues. Fourthly its also make some saving in travel cost, those PETRONASs trainee no need to travel any further than their offices and incur extra costs like transport fees, driver and so on. Fifthly is team building, all the trainee will occupy in a room full of delegates from different departments which they be able to encourage greater team work, responsive and understanding of each others role. There are some advantages of technical training too. Firstly, technical training may causes employees career advancement. It is because when the employers distinguish that the employees are conscientious in learning, the employers will give chances to employees in the technical areas, such as technical responsibility, project leadership, management and etc. In this case, the salary of the employees will be increase. Furthermore, technical training will causes employees lead to personal growth. It is because employees will learn something that is new in the short range through technical training. Besides, technical training may help new employees, who are searching for jobs, in the positions of career- oriented, and refresh the skills and knowledge of older employees so that they can keep up in their working environment and build up a better relationships between employers and employees. Education grants give a lot of advantages to the employee in PETRONASs company. However, this practice also exist its merit and demerit. Education grants help them to pay their tuition fees, sponsor and assistance from their company so that they can further their education without being anxious about the monetary matters. Besides that, there is also none competitive, everyone who have the attentive and ability or found to be a worthy candidate may deserve the grants from either an industry, government or others sponsor. This education grants may perhaps help individual of PETRONASs employees update their skill and training to a better grade and might help them towards a higher level. (IV) Disadvantages There are disadvantages in training and development too. The disadvantages of in-house training include extra administration burden that PETRONAS need to make sure there have suitable training room, equipment, trainer parking to get the delegates to the training centre. Besides that, some of the trainee may not taken it as seriously -as they might attend just to have a break from their job or dont turn up when the course is running on another day. There are no networking opportunities also during this training, employees are not allow to have networking and learning from another company. In addition, this will place some pressure to PETRONASs employees, if they are offsite training then they cannot be contacted to class however if they are onsite they can be pulled out of a classroom if needed. However, there are some disadvantages in technical training too. Cost is one of the disadvantages. Cost will increase the expenses of the company. It is because when the company sends the employees for training, the company has to pay for employees to invite the trainer. A good trainer may be expensive and causes over budget. Besides, the disadvantage of technical training is time requirements. The company has to spend a plenty of time for training employees but the company do not have much time. If the company offers the time that does not enough for training, it may causes employees do not know everything that they have to learn. The trainer will also have to rush due to the time is not enough and causes the trainer goes through some topic that is important and ignore some topic that employees have to learn too. Nevertheless, education grant has disadvantages as well. Grants have a narrow down by restricting the number of employees to apply with the scale of job fitting. Employees who obtaining the education grants typically require work harder and plenty of examine and strategic to fulfil individuals requirement. Moreover, its also increase an organizations expenditure since particular activities must be included in some of the project. In addition, revolution of technology nowadays up growth. Legislator and other charge of education or training need more funds to re-establish the changes. (V) Critique PETRONAS as an organization, directing their corporate activities and strategic, setting their practices of training and development for the future. PETRONAS has make use of technical training, in-house training and education grants as their practices for the employees training and development. Comparing with the similar industry as thought SHELL Global or ESSO, they have applied some professional training such as public relations and media programme for their employees according to their working experience. Its better attending a module with representative from other companies. This will allow networking interaction more and learning from one another. Besides, training and development bring a lot of advantages to Petronas Company. Petronas had used training and development appropriately. For example, Petronas used technical training causes employees career advancement and causes employees lead to personal growth. In this case, Petronas will be more progress through training and development. Thus, training and development may causes the company become more effectiveness although it will bring some disadvantages to the company. Recommendation PETRONAS need to find alternative practices of training and development for their employees. To determining a long term profitability and well management of a company, the quality of employees are the major issues in a company throughout some training and education. It is a good guiding principle to devote an excellent employee, which can improve the companys productivity consequently. A suggestion that is PETRONAS may possibly propose a sustainability organization leadership techniques with the institutes which include Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS (UTP), Institut Teknologi Petroleum PETRONAS (INSTEP) and PETRONAS Management Training. It should also invite some profession institutor from other country to conduct company employees. By this way, hope that it could benefits PETRONAS to achieve some valuable employees and able to increase companys employee effectiveness and efficiency. In addition, Petronas must update the program in technical training. For example, Petronas may combine some course which is energizer to employees. Petronas may able to introduce some new computer software, technological systems, programs and etc to increase the current skill of employees. In this case, employees may get more new knowledge and skills so that it can use in their current jobs. Petronas can ensure that the employees are working in a safety environment by training well their employees. Petronas may also start to retraining new employees on new systems. It is because Petronas may avoid change conflict from employees. For example, Shell Global ensure that their engineers are trained well and able to work in safety environment by giving them training in drilling, operating, maintain, and designing. Conclusion PETRONAS is a company that categorized under the oligopoly type of market structures. PETRONAS is one of the governments asset, it is also one of the company that provides petroleum and gas for the country. PETRONAS has been growing nationwide and worldwide since previous years. PETRONASs products also being exported and used in other countries such as Egypt in Africa. By exporting the products, it is making a lot of profits and as such the country benefits a lot from it. Production of petroleum and gas are not the only thing that it care for but also collaborate with other markets such as education and provide sponsorship loans to those students which need them. Various institutions had been established by PETRONAS as their main objective is to enrich the nation with quality education.

Use of Night and Darkness in Shakespeares Macbeth :: GCSE Coursework Macbeth Essays

Use of Night and Darkness in Macbeth Shakespeare is known for his descriptively rich plays. He also ways does an excellent job of describing both the characters as well as the setting. One specific area of the play MacBeth is the use of night and darkness to show evil or happening that are not right. Examples of this are the many appearances of the witches, the murders that occur, and the conflicts that MacBeth faces with his mental health. The following three paragraphs will further discuss these topics. The first example of Shakespeare’s use of night and darkness in the appearances of the three witches. The witch sisters are the main sources of evil within the play MacBeth. When the witches are in an act, storms or the darkness of the woods always accompanies them. This shows great evilness. " Thunder and lightning. Enter three witches." This is the opening scene description just before the introduction to the witches. This shows their evil nature as the are followed by rough storms in dark conditions. Another quote is " Fair is fowl and fowl is fair: Hover through the fog and filthy air." This is another example of the disgusting and dirty, dark atmosphere around the witches. Then, towards the end of Hecate’s, queen of witches, speech, she says "Hark! I am called. My little spirit, see: Sits a foggy cloud and it stays for me." This shows a clear mental picture of the fogy, ugly conditions, which are prominent, when the witches are around. So this is a very good exampl e of Shakespeare being able to link darkness and stormy conditions with evil. The second example of Shakespeare writing techniques to show evil as darkness is the number of murders and when it was that they occurred. When there was a murder, it was often committed at night or in the dark. This then also ties in with the entire connection of darkness with evil, murder being the source of evil. The most known example of murder is when MacBeth kills Banquo. During his speech where he is proceeding to kill Banquo he says " ...Nature seems dead, and wicked dreams abuse the curtained sleep. Witchcraft celebrates pale Hecate’s offerings , and withered Murder , alarumed by his sentiel , the wolf , who’s howl’s his watch....." The references to the dreams, sleep, witches and the wolf’s howl all depict the nighttime as this is when most of those words are seen.

What Is Fire Safety Engineering Environmental Sciences Essay

IntroductionFire safety applied scientists utilize fire scientific discipline and engineering to protect human life and human belongings in instance of fire. It involves fire safety design, fire safety technology and fire safety direction for the design intent. Over the past several centuries, fire safety technology has evolved significantly, from early applications to forestall inferno to the latest application of fire restrictions such as fire compartmentalisation. The developments of fire safety applied scientist seem to be matured until the ulterior portion of twentieth century, particularly after 911 event. Therefore, fire safety applied scientists must see important ethical concerns such as professional behavious and proof of theoretical accounts.DefinitionWhat is â€Å" Fire Safety Engineering † ? Harmonizing to the definition by the Institution of Fire Engineers of UK â€Å" The application of scientific and technology rules, regulations ( Codes ) , and adept judgement, based on an apprehension of phenomena and effects of fire and of the reaction and behavior of people to fire, to protect people, belongings and the environment from the destructive effects of fire. † Fire safety technology represent a group of professional applied scientist with broad cognition about fire in term of fire and human behavior. Harmonizing to the society of fire protection applied scientist of US, it indicates that the major aim of fire safety technology is application of technology rules and fire scientific discipline to protect human life and belongings from destructive fire, which including following important activities ( Institution of Fire Engineers of UK ) : Fire jeopardies analysis extenuation of fire harm by proper design, building, agreement, and usage of edifices stuffs, constructions, industrial procedures, and transit systems the design, installing and care of fire sensing and suppression and communicating systems, and post/fire probe and analysis. is familiar with the nature and features of fire and the associated merchandises of burning understands how fires originate, spread within and outside of buildings/structures, and can be detected, controlled, and/or extinguished, and is able to expect the behaviour of stuffs, constructions, machines, setup, and procedures every bit related to the protection of life and belongings from fire.Role of fire safety technologyHarmonizing to the Society of Fire Protection Engineers, a fire safety applied scientist applies scientific discipline and technology rules to protect people, places, workplaces, concerns and environment from destructive fires. Fire applied scientists analyze how edifices are used, how fires start and grow, and how fires and fume affects people and human behavior. For the latest fire protection engineerings, fire safety applied scientists can plan fire control system, sensing and communicating system and supply agencies of flight program by evaluate different fire scenarios within the edifice. Furthermore, fire safety research on fire rated merchandises and building stuffs are normally conducted presents, which reinforces applied scientists ‘ function to look into fire to detect fire behavior such as fire spreads, smoke spreads, protective steps and those critical opposition demand. Safety and cost effectivity in design has to balanced in order to supply equal protection for both belongings and its residents.Prescriptive codificationsFor general fire technology design, applied scientists will reexamine a proposal design for regulative conformity or local codification, such as Code of Practice, Building Regulations A & A ; B and NFPA Life Safety Code, which are called normative codifications. Prescriptive codification provide a counsel on effectual fire safety direction schemes with a complete solution in footings of safety programs, system procedures and direction tools, in order to set up a solid foundation to back up technology designs.Alternate attackFire Safety Engineering offers an alternate attack to accomplishing fire safe design solutions when compared to prescriptive codifications and regulative controls. The public presentation based methodological analysiss associated with fire technology provide chances for a hazard based rating to accomplish greater degrees of safety whilst leting the interior decorator and designer more range in accomplishing their aspirations for modern designs. In most instances the costs of supplying acceptable degrees of fire safety are lessened when following a fire engineered design solution. Harmonizing to Approved Document B â€Å" Fire Safety † in the Building Regulations 2000, â€Å" Fire safety technology can supply an alternate attack to fire safety. It may be the lone practical manner to accomplish a satisfactory criterion of fire safety in some big and complex edifices, and in edifices incorporating different utilizations, e.g. airdrome terminuss †Aspects 1 -Professional behaviousFire technology provides an effectual and efficient fire safety degree for a undertaking design with a lower limit of obstructors. It has to run into the international and national criterions as reference above as in the normative codifications and besides based on the design applied scientists ‘ experience and cognition. Additionally, alternate design considerations may be required based on client demands, i.e. authorities authority.. Fire safety applied scientists design protection system, such as fire sprinklers, pipes alliance, smoke design and direction, fire dismay system, fire sensing system and other particular jeopardies systems. Other than that, fire protection applied scientists ever collaborate to the professional design of structural fire opposition, means of emersion and fire rated building. As undertakings become more complex, and many people become more reliant on fire safety system. It is going more of import and clear that it is good to affect fire safety applied scientists at the earliest phases of design planning, from construct design and through to technology design phases. Benefits of incorporating fire technology into the nucleus design include a greater grade of design flexibleness, better fire safety solutions, a maximization between cost and the benefits it provides and the higher possibility for invention design and building. Conversely, if no fire protection applied scientists are invol ved in the undertaking squad until fire technology jobs are identified, holds can ensue as the fire protection applied scientist analyzes the job and develops solutions. At this phase there may be design options are likely to be more stiff than if fire technology input was more in the construct phase, and clip spent on old blessing phases will necessitate to be overcome once more as if big adequate alterations to plan has occurred which necessitates extra reappraisals and blessings. It is likely that design solutions from the fire applied scientists may be met with opposition to alter by squad members from other subjects, given that the design is at such a ulterior phase. By the usage of public presentation base blessing, a good balance of cost and safety issues allows for the decrease of building cost monetary value and frequently gives the designer and/or developer more freedom as to the in their design/construction of the structure.. Aspects 2 – Validation of patterning Validation is the procedure of finding the grade of understanding between manner anticipation and existent universe events ( Gritzo, L.A. , Senseny P.E. , Xin Y. and Thomas, J.R. , 2005 ) . The end of proof is to quantify assurance in the prognostic capableness of the theoretical account. Therefore the appraisal of theoretical account proof between theoretical account result and experimental consequences is really of import. It is because the truth of fire behaviour anticipation is extremely depending on the fire probe or fire modeling trial. Harmonizing to the fire safety diary ( Joyeux, D, 2002 ) , experimental probe of fire door behavior during a natural fire, it was indicated that they are over designed comparison to the thermic conventional fire and the natural fire. The consequences of the existent fire testing determined that the standard fire does non stand for a realistic representation of constructing constituent under existent fire. Besides the fire opposition clip demand does non match to the behavior of constructing constituent in existent fire. Modeling is of import for public presentation base design, as a professional fire applied scientist, patterning improves our cognition about fire component behavior and natural fire state of affairss.DecisionIn decision, fire safety technology has evolved significantly, and presents undertaking design has matured in its attitude about the development and probe of fire events. As a professional fire applied scientist, the above standards of ethical thought such as professional behavior and proof of patterning must be identified and discussed. Besides the above ethical facet, other subject such as public information, professional ordinance and safety versus cost can be considered for farther survey.